Loose-leaf binder.



' loose leaf binders, and has objects the production of such a binder within which shects of paper can be easily- To all whom tt may concern: Beit known that I, Roman G. Himav, a-t

citizen of the United State residing att Cleveland in the county of uyeho a' and, State of hio have inventede eertsh new; and ii, fiil improvement, in Loose-Leaf'v Biiide of which 'the .followingfiis e full,

invention relatcs to im rovemcnts in clcar, and exact description, reference being' j had to the accompanying drawings.

or one of its.

and quickly secured, from which they canbe readily removed and from which any one or more of theI shcets may be taken without tlie filing of c'li pings catalogues etc.

Loose leaf biiiders hvhich and attractive appearance an which are at i present in use contain devices more or less j complicated for securing the pa and this necessarily makes t em too ex- :i

causes4 each ers in place,

pensive to be included in the usnal ofiice c uipment, except to a limited extent. T ere are many places where their use would be a great convenience, but would involve uudue expense.

It is a further object of my invention. therefore, to produce a binder which will be neat in appearance as well as very strong and cheap, and these objects are accomplished in the binder illustrated in the accompanying drawings and set forth in the claims annexed hereto.

Figure 1 is a erspeetive view of my improved loose leaf binder; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the back of the binder adjacent one of the rings; Fig. 3 is a detail in perspective, which the rings are set into grooves in the outer back member; and Figs. 4 andl are i perspective views of the inner and outer members, respectively, of the back.

In the drawings in which like reference characters are employed to desi ate correspondirji parts throu hont t e several views, represents the ack, which is composcd general] of the inner member a and the outer mem erably madeof wood, and it is very essential that the grain of the wood in the member a' should run lengthwise of the piece, for a purpose hereinafter ex lained. At suitable distances throu hout its length, the member a' is provi cd with transverse groovcs a, which extend from the inner surface tliereof to a depth of about one-lialf its I grooves being I t closed position, it is desirable to have the thickncss, the bottoms of the preferably straightJ'as shown.

(present a neaty showing the way in r a'. These parts are prefdisturbing the arrangement of the remaining sheets. My binder is also applicahle to i of the grooves,

4 the fiber,

Foroed to a seat within each groove is a ring B. Each df these rings is made with a swiveled section b, which is joined lat b' to the body ortion of the ring. The op msite end o tie swiveled section is provi ed with a projection b', which en ages a notch or reeess in the end of the b y ortion of the ring with which this end of t e section is oda ted to ooperate. When all of the rings avebeen foroed into'their respective grooves, I glue, tack, or otherwiseI secure thc inner member a to the inside surface o the member a' between the longitudinal ribs aA The surfaces of these ribs adjaccnt the side edges of the members a' are curvcd to conform to the contour of the curred oxsed surface of the member (I.

I find it a savin of time in the asscmhling of the back mcin ers to employ hoth hrads ri' and glue for seem-ing the parts ri and u' together, as the brads hold the parts lirmly in place while the lne is drying, and therehy avoid the use o purpose.

lt will be seen by reference to Fig. 3 that, at the point where the rings engage the sides the depth of the groovcs is considcrably increased b the ribs (13. This roove to rmly emhrace over one-fourth the circumfercnce of each rin; 1 and, since the narrower than and the rings have to be actually forccd to a seat within the grooves, the rings will be held osit-ively against movement in any grooves are made slightly a vise or clamp for'that direction and the member (i, being made of a sufiicient width to cngage the interior of the rings, prevents the looscning of the rings and the Withdrawal of the same from the grooves. It will also be noted that, at the points where the member a engages the inteA rior of the rings, the member orms a chord for the inner circumference of the ring. which tends to prevent the creeping of the rin 1% is well known that the shrinka o of wood is in a cross-grain direction an that the shrinkage does not affect the length of and it is, therefore, essential, as previously mentioned, that the grain of the wood in the member a' should run parallel to the lon itudinal axis of the piece, or at substantia y right angles to the grooves ag,

for the purpose of preventin of the wood having an width of the grooves an to become loose. 4

The binder is provided with two covers C and D. These covers are Secured to the back member in a manner that will permit them to swing freely from a closed position, such as shown in Fig. 2, to an extreme open position, or until they are ermitted to cugage each otlicr at the ack. lVhen in the shrinking e ect upon theI caiising t ie rings covers convcrge toward the front and I, therefore, make the back of a width ater than the diameter of the rings pus the thickness of the two covers.

4To the outside surface of the covers I secure a covering of flexible material E, such se buckram, which extends from inside the forward edge bf one of the covers, back sei-oss the outside surface of one cover,

A second piece se shown at e'.

:of the i continuous corner or ct 'outer edge of eac (through which the rings pass) will be pravented from binding or clcnching against,-

i the rings.

As will appear b reference to Fig. l, the

cover li) projects inwardly and overhangs the back meiiihei These inwardly projcctii ortions e' ere adapted to en ,ag-e the rr ifions a' of the inner face of t e'niem f: which are located outside of the ribsl rf, such portions foriiiing jauibs for the inner edges covers. This irovides a rigid oi' lige between tlic cover und the back which is homogengous withl tiic 1 back.

'hilc I have described the. particular tform of split ring ns being that which i ircfer to employ in connection with inf: oose leaf biiu ers. I wish it unrlcrstood tha! I do not claim the ring as any feature of ing:

:invention and tliat I may use any type ni cover to the rear edge of the cover aiid is ci'cased at f and gliied to the rear edge c' of the cover. over the inside surface of the back member a to its other extreme edge (slots having been ciit for the accommodation of the rings B) where it is bent back u on itself or rrcased, as shown at f', gluet to the reiir edge of the cover and passes forwardly to ii poiiit corresnonding to the front edge oii the o posite cover. The material will. be pasted or glued to the inner member (i of the back. The ends of the back niay be covercd witli a piece of the covering material or may be painted to prodiice a finished effect and keep oiit moisture. This manner of covering the binder makes it very substantial and durable and, at the same time, nent in appearance.

I find, by making the inside surface of the back member a curved, that the rear or inner edges of the leaves act more satisfactorily when the .covers are opened and closed. If this surface were straight, it can be readily scen that, with the back down, when the covers are thrown back to a plane pnrallcl to the inside of the back, the leaves will divide and fall flat oii both covers. Upon closing the book, the leaves will have a tendency to slide to as near the center of the back member as the rings will permit, and the portions beyond the point where the covers are hinged will bend at an angle with res ect to the portions lying upon the inside o the back and will be'apt to be clenched on the rings and break or tenr iii the lioles by which they are niountcd upon the rings. shown, a'central ridge is formed throughout the back against which the rear edges of the leaves will abut and ywhich will tend to prevent the inward creepinV of the outside leaves, and the lioles within the leaves The material is then stretched l i I claim is:

f inner surface and provide g grooves extending outwardly from the i By curving this surface. as-

' same, the rin being of such split ring which I believe will satisfactoriljvv accomplish the iii-pose.

Ilaving thus r escribcd my invcntion, what..

l. In a tcinporary binder, the combination of an oiiter back member, said member having transvcisc grooves extcnding outwardij,7 from its inner surface and said member having a pair of inivardly projccting spaced ribs intersccted by said grooves, rings sniiglg; fitting said grooves and engaged by said ribs, and an inner member secured to the inner face of the outer member between said ribs and cngaging the interior of said rings.

2. In ii teinporary binder. the combination of nn oiiter back member having s pair nt longitudinally cxtending s iaced ribs nn with transi face and intersecting said ribs, rinrfs nio. i ed in said grooves and snuglv fiiting the llTlCnSlfiiiFi 'il to be engage b said ribs with the inner faces of said ri s corrcs onding substantially to the interior of tie rings1 and nn inner back member adapted to be ap lied to the inner face of the oiiter back member and having side edges adapted to cngage the inner faces of the ribs and the inner surfaces of the rings.

3. In a temporary binder, the combination of an oiiter back member having n pair of longitudiiially extending siaced 'ribs on its inner surface and provide with transversc roovcs extending outwardly from the, inner ace and intersecting said ribs, rings mountled in said grooves, the rings being of such dimensions as to be snugly engaged by said ribs witli the inner faces of said ribs corresponding substantiall to the interior of the rinfls, and an inner ack member adept ed to iie applied to the inner face of the; outar back member and havin side edges arliipleil to cngiige the inner aces of tlic 'iZi/99.3

of an oiiter back member said member havd air of ing an inner f ce provi ed with c longitudinally extendin ribe and sving' transverse groove: ex ding outwardl from ite inner hee and intereecting sei i'ibf-i, and nn inner back member adapted mem ier aiid in eiigagement with the inner sin-faces of tlie rin the outcr member being formed of wom with ti e grain running trnnsvci'sely of tlie grooves.

5. in ii teiiiporary binder, the combination of nn outei' biick member liaving spaccd ti'nnsvcrse slots, rings mountcd in said slots, l aiid nn inner member applied to the other member aiid seciiring said rings in place,

ing eonvexly curved. Q

6. lii a teinporary binder, the combination of an oiiter hack member, said member being provided with a pair of longitiidinally extending spaeed ribs cacli having its oiiter face convex member, an an inner bac member adapted n coiivexly ciii'ved siirface siibstantially thish with the ciirved surfaces of the ribs.

7. ln a teiiiporary binder, the combination of an oiitcr back member, said member being provided with a pair of longitiidinally extending s mced ribs, each having its oiiter face convexi ciirved, tlie oiiter member being providcr with rooves extending transvcrsely tliei'eof aii intersecting said ribs rings nioiinted in said rooves and engn e by said ribs, and en inner back niem r adapted to be ap lied to the oiiter back member and to fit tween the ribs thereof surface substaiitially fiiish with the ciirved surface of the ribs.

8. In a temporary binder, the combina- L tion with the covers, of an oiiter back memi ber having on its inner face a air of longitiidinally extending ribs, said their o iposed faces inelined and converging towari the oiiter surface of said member aiid said member liavin transverse grooves nxtending outwardl rom its inner face and intersceting saii i'ibs, rings snugly fitting said groove." and en nged by :iaid ribs, said rings bein of siici dimcnsions tliat their inner surizaces svbstantially coincide with the inciined faces of said ribs, and an inner back member adapted to be fitted to the oiiter member between the ribs and having its opposite edges adapted to fit the rouverging aces of said ribs.

the inner surface of the iniier member k curved, rin mounted on said i to be applied to the outer back member and i V to lit between the ribs thci'eof and seciirei the rings in place, the inner nicmber having i the inner member having ii convexly eurvedi ribs having 9. Id avtemporary binder, tlie combinationof an oiiter back member, havingr a transverse slot, a ring mounted in said s ot, and en inner member a plied to the enter member and engaging tlhe interior of mid ring at eeparctedl points and eeciiring said ring in place.

. l 10. In a tempoi'ary binder, thel combinaiibs, ring-*i CIO-Wi)r mun smd gmmt's 'Will ltion of an oiiter back member having spar/ed "f Such (Hmcnfikms "H i" le enilgcd by stud! ltrnnsvei'se slots, rings moiinted in said to1 be a iplied between the rihs of the oulcr vaioli-i and fitting i-mii vly therein, and an in- :nci' member appliei to .the louter member and extcnding through said rings and secni' in i them in place.

tin testiiiionv whereof, I hereunto nfiix m3' signature iii t. ie presence of two witiiessea. ROLLIN G. HUBBY. Witiieswes:

J. B. Hmm, BanNNaN B. Wssr. 

